电子商务在国际贸易中的应用现状与对策研究

随着经济和社会的发展，国际贸易的发展趋势必然要与电子商务相结合。而我国的电子商务起步发展较晚，在国际贸易中运用不够广泛，这将制约我国国际贸易的发展。我国要成为21世纪世界贸易大国、强国，就．必须顺应潮流，创造条件，建立和发展我们自己的电子商务。本文从应用现状、存在问题、应用优势等方面阐述了电子商务在国际贸易应用中的重要性，并提出发展对策。     

论普通商事仲裁管辖对法院管辖的排除

有效的仲裁协议是仲裁机构受理商事纠纷的前提，也是排除法院管辖权的依据。当事人有关仲裁协议有效性的争议将会动摇仲裁管辖的基础。本文从分析仲裁管辖的依据入手，探讨了仲裁管辖与法院管辖之间的界限，结合国际上仲裁管辖制度的最新发展，提出我国应进一步放宽对仲裁管辖权的限制，以促进仲裁事业的发展。     

“双循环”背景下上海构建国际消费城市路径探析

党的十九届五中全会提出,要“培育国际消费中心城市”。上海作为已经初步具备建设国际消费城市基础的重要经济体,在加快构建“双循环”新发展格局背景下,应借力构建国际贸易中心与旅游城市建设的机遇,不断丰富完善各种消费品与服务供给,有效降低消费成本,推进建设国际消费城市。本文结合上海已有建设国际消费城市的基础,切实分析上海构建国际消费城市存在的不足,在借鉴吸纳国际经验的基础上,提出努力提升消费总量、不断提升消费品供给质量、优化消费结构等上海构建国际消费城市的对策措施。     

国际贸易、技术进步和中国工业行业的生产率增长

内生增长理论认为技术进步是经济增长最为重要的助推力,推动技术进步的力量是对研发的投资和国际贸易的发展。随着经济贸易与信息技术的飞速发展,社会对国际贸易、技术进步的关注程度日渐提升。通过深入分析国际贸易与工业行业生产率之间的关系,可以有针对性地应用有效手段对国际贸易进行调整,使其可以继续带动技术的进步并促进工业行业生产率的提升。基于此,论文探究了我国国际贸易、技术进步与工业行业生产率增长的关系,阐述了国际贸易、技术进步对于工业行业生产率的真实影响。     

Evaluation of the social and economic impact of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions on sustainable mobility using cumulative ordinal models: trend odds model

In the context of environmental sustainability evaluation, grouped under climate change, health and ecosystem themes, an impact that could be investigated is the Global Warming Potential (GWP), whose sources are a multitude. In urban areas the evaluation of real vehicles emissions is an essential activity in order to suggest possible solution to local administrators. They still express the need to improve and maintain the characteristics of the breathing air at the best possible quality level. Moreover, these solutions, such as planning measures or traffic control management in respect of pollution, would be apply at different geographical levels, i.e. national, regional or urban scale. Another factor to be investigated is the effect of technologies and emission control systems to comply more stringent limits (Euro 4/5/6) and improve air quality to a lower environmental impact. GWP, indicator of climate change, is measured in terms of CO₂ equivalency emission values variable. To perform this activity an experimental campaign was carried out with several vehicles from different manufacturers and with a wide variety in terms of mass, power, engine displacement and type approval technology. The experimental plan includes some repetitions of the urban section in Naples city centre.The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to provide a strategy on the choice of a logistic model with ordinal data and with trend, and, second, to evaluate the usefulness of such models for environmental sustainability (CO₂ and other vehicular pollutant emissions), with particular emphasis on model formulation, the interpretation of model coefficients, and the implications of such models.     

Piercing the Veil of Uncertainty in Transboundary Pollution Agreements

This paper addresses the question of how uncertainty in costs and benefits affects the difficulty of reaching a voluntary agreement among sovereign states. A measure of difficulty is constructed related to side-payments necessary to make an agreement a Pareto-improving move. Using a simple model, it is shown that uncertainty actually makes agreement easier.JEL classifications: Q5, H4, D7, D8An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Conference on Risk and Uncertainty in Environmental and Resource Economics, Wageningen, The Netherlands, June 2002.     

美国金融业对外直接投资流向的实证分析

美国1995年～2000年金融业对外直接投资流向分布极不均衡,对投资流向分布进行统计分析发现,非金融领域直接投资、1994年金融业对外直接投资存量、双边贸易量、东道国经济金融发展水平是金融业对外直接投资的主要决定因素,证明了邓宁国际生产折衷主义理论对金融业对外直接投资的解释力。据此简要分析美国对中国金融领域直接投资现状,并分析了今后发展趋势。     

我国外贸技术溢出效应的国别差异分析

技术溢出是发展中国家追赶发达国家的重要路径,溢出的渠道包括国际贸易、FDI、R＆D合作、国外R＆D投资等。我们运用经拓展后的Coe＆Helpman的贸易溢出计量模型,试图将我国从商品贸易以及FDI中所获得的技术溢出纳入同一模型中加以综合分析,并对贸易带来的技术溢出效应进行国别差异分析,以判断不同类型国家对我国吸收技术溢出效应的影响。并在此基础上,提出了相应的政策建议。     

Representation and Educational Background of European Economists in Top Journals of Economics

We assess the contribution of European authors to 10 topjournals of economics from 1980 to 1998. Despite efforts on the European Union and national levels topromote academic excellence, European authors still play a minor role in top journals. Examining the development overtime we find little evidence for an increasing share of European contributions. Particular attention has been paidto the educational background of European authors. There is still a segmentation of academic education alonglanguage barriers in continental Europe. However, a considerable proportion of European authors has received a PhD from the US.     

Coping with Technological Change: The Role of Ability in Making Inequality so Persistent

This study provides an explanation to the evolution of wage inequality over the last 30 years and supports this explanation with evidence. A faster rate of technological progress introduces new unknown elements at the workplace. The need to cope with the unknown accentuates the role of ability and thus increases wage inequality within and between education groups. Inasmuch as education is an irreversible investment project the rise in within group inequality BOOSTS UP the rise of between group inequality. Guided by this theory we turn to the PSID for evidence. Using parents' education to approximate child's ability we show the following set of results: (a) Controlling for education of the child, parents' education contributed much more in the 1980s to his wage growth than in the 1970s. (b) The correlation between the parents' and the child's education increases from the 1970s to the 1980s. (c) The return to college education for an individual with no ability rents did not change—it remains steady at the 23 percent. (d) Facts (a)–(c) CANNOT be attributed to the impact of parent's income. It is parents' education and not parents' income that is more relevant for son's economic outcomes in the 1980s.